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Search US and EU case law, court opinions, dockets, and regulations via CourtListener, Harvard Case Law, and EUR-Lex. Use when: (1) finding US court opinions by keyword or citation, (2) searching federal and state dockets, (3) querying EU legislation and case law, (4) looking up cases by date range or jurisdiction. NOT for: current legislation text (use congress.gov), legal advice (never provide), patent search (use USPTO APIs).

Analyze legal contracts, extract clauses, and perform legal research with structured frameworks

Lean 4 theorem prover for formal verification. Use when: formal theorem proving, mathematical verification, proof search, type theory exploration. NOT for: numerical computation (use scipy), symbolic math (use sympy), statistical analysis (use statsmodels).

Write and format LaTeX documents for academic journals. Use when: user asks to write LaTeX code, format papers for specific journals (Nature/Science/IEEE/ACM), create equations, tables, or BibTeX entries. NOT for: non-LaTeX writing (use paper-writing), data analysis, or literature search.

Discover patterns, build knowledge graphs, and extract insights from linguistic and historical data

Query the KEGG REST API for metabolic pathways, genes, compounds, drugs, and diseases. Use when the user needs pathway mapping, gene-to-pathway links, compound info, or cross-reference ID conversion. NOT for protein sequences (use UniProt), 3D structures (use PDB), or variant/SNP data (use NCBI).

Extract structured entities, relations, and clauses from scientific and legal documents

Structured hypothesis generation workflow. Use when: user needs to formulate testable scientific hypotheses from observations, gaps, or preliminary data. NOT for: testing hypotheses or running experiments.

Host security hardening and risk-tolerance configuration for OpenClaw deployments. Use when a user asks for security audits, firewall/SSH/update hardening, risk posture, exposure review, OpenClaw cron scheduling for periodic checks, or version status checks on a machine running OpenClaw (laptop, workstation, Pi, VPS).

Remote-control tmux sessions for interactive CLIs by sending keystrokes and scraping pane output.

Use CodexBar CLI local cost usage to summarize per-model usage for Codex or Claude, including the current (most recent) model or a full model breakdown. Trigger when asked for model-level usage/cost data from codexbar, or when you need a scriptable per-model summary from codexbar cost JSON.

Search and fetch structured content from Wikipedia using the MediaWiki API for reliable, encyclopedic information

Remote-control tmux sessions for interactive CLIs by sending keystrokes and scraping pane output.

Plan and control time-step policies for simulations. Use when coupling CFL/physics limits with adaptive stepping, ramping initial transients, scheduling outputs/checkpoints, or planning restart strategies for long runs.

Validate simulations before, during, and after execution. Use for pre-flight checks, runtime monitoring, post-run validation, diagnosing failed simulations, checking convergence, detecting NaN/Inf, or verifying mass/energy conservation.

Orchestrate multi-simulation campaigns including parameter sweeps, batch jobs, and result aggregation. Use for running parameter studies, managing simulation batches, tracking job status, combining results from multiple runs, or automating simulation workflows.

Extract, analyze, and visualize simulation output data. Use for field extraction, time series analysis, line profiles, statistical summaries, derived quantity computation, result comparison to references, and automated report generation from simulation results.

Build and analyze phylogenetic trees using MAFFT (multiple alignment), IQ-TREE 2 (maximum likelihood), and FastTree (fast NJ/ML). Visualize with ETE3 or FigTree. For evolutionary analysis, microbial genomics, viral phylodynamics, protein family analysis, and molecular clock studies.

Production-ready PDF processing with forms, tables, OCR, validation, and batch operations. Use when working with complex PDF workflows in production environments, processing large volumes of PDFs, or requiring robust error handling and validation.

Explore and optimize simulation parameters via design of experiments (DOE), sensitivity analysis, and optimizer selection. Use for calibration, uncertainty studies, parameter sweeps, LHS sampling, Sobol analysis, surrogate modeling, or Bayesian optimization setup.

Search the web, extract URL content, and run deep research using the Parallel Chat API and Extract API. Use for ALL web searches, research queries, and general information gathering. Provides synthesized summaries with citations.

Analyze and enforce numerical stability for time-dependent PDE simulations. Use when selecting time steps, choosing explicit/implicit schemes, diagnosing numerical blow-up, checking CFL/Fourier criteria, von Neumann analysis, matrix conditioning, or detecting stiffness in advection/diffusion/reaction problems.

Select and configure time integration methods for ODE/PDE simulations. Use when choosing explicit/implicit schemes, setting error tolerances, adapting time steps, diagnosing integration accuracy, planning IMEX splitting, or handling stiff/non-stiff coupled systems.

Select and configure nonlinear solvers for f(x)=0 or min F(x). Use for Newton methods, quasi-Newton (BFGS, L-BFGS), Broyden, Anderson acceleration, diagnosing convergence issues, choosing line search vs trust region, and analyzing Jacobian quality.

Use CodexBar CLI local cost usage to summarize per-model usage for Codex or Claude, including the current (most recent) model or a full model breakdown. Trigger when asked for model-level usage/cost data from codexbar, or when you need a scriptable per-model summary from codexbar cost JSON.

Plan and evaluate mesh generation for numerical simulations. Use when choosing grid resolution, checking aspect ratios/skewness, estimating mesh quality constraints, or planning adaptive mesh refinement for PDE discretization.

Select and configure linear solvers for systems Ax=b in dense and sparse problems. Use when choosing direct vs iterative methods, diagnosing convergence issues, estimating conditioning, selecting preconditioners, or debugging stagnation in GMRES/CG/BiCGSTAB.

CTF杂项知识库 — Python Jail逃逸、Bash Jail逃逸、编码链识别与解码、QR/音频/图像隐写、游戏VM逆向、CTFd API导航、Linux提权

Drive a real serve-api process against isolated project roots to verify backend/web changes end-to-end

Use when releasing a version, bumping project versions, or pushing release tags.

Interact with GitHub using the `gh` CLI. Use `gh issue`, `gh pr`, `gh run`, and `gh api` for issues, PRs, CI runs, and advanced queries.

Run Codex CLI, Claude Code, OpenCode, or Pi Coding Agent via background process for programmatic control.

Use when implementing any feature or bugfix, before writing implementation code

Use when encountering any bug, test failure, or unexpected behavior, before proposing fixes

Use this skill when working with symbolic mathematics in Python. This skill should be used for symbolic computation tasks including solving equations algebraically, performing calculus operations (derivatives, integrals, limits), manipulating algebraic expressions, working with matrices symbolically, physics calculations, number theory problems, geometry computations, and generating executable code from mathematical expressions. Apply this skill when the user needs exact symbolic results rather than numerical approximations, or when working with mathematical formulas that contain variables and parameters.

Query STRING API for protein-protein interactions (59M proteins, 20B interactions). Network analysis, GO/KEGG enrichment, interaction discovery, 5000+ species, for systems biology.

Guided statistical analysis with test selection and reporting. Use when you need help choosing appropriate tests for your data, assumption checking, power analysis, and APA-formatted results. Best for academic research reporting, test selection guidance. For implementing specific models programmatically use statsmodels.

Assist with scientific paper writing, LaTeX formatting, abstract drafting, review responses, grant proposals, and academic communication. Use when user asks to write/edit a paper section, draft an abstract, format in LaTeX, respond to reviewer comments, write a grant proposal, or improve academic writing. Triggers on "write abstract", "draft introduction", "LaTeX", "reviewer response", "grant proposal", "improve my writing", "paper draft", "methods section".

Meta-skill for publication-ready figures. Use when creating journal submission figures requiring multi-panel layouts, significance annotations, error bars, colorblind-safe palettes, and specific journal formatting (Nature, Science, Cell). Orchestrates matplotlib/seaborn/plotly with publication styles. For quick exploration use seaborn or plotly directly.

Evaluate scientific claims and evidence quality. Use for assessing experimental design validity, identifying biases and confounders, applying evidence grading frameworks (GRADE, Cochrane Risk of Bias), or teaching critical analysis. Best for understanding evidence quality, identifying flaws. For formal peer review writing use peer-review.

Creative research ideation and exploration. Use for open-ended brainstorming sessions, exploring interdisciplinary connections, challenging assumptions, or identifying research gaps. Best for early-stage research planning when you do not have specific observations yet. For formulating testable hypotheses from data use hypothesis-generation.

Standard single-cell RNA-seq analysis pipeline. Use for QC, normalization, dimensionality reduction (PCA/UMAP/t-SNE), clustering, differential expression, and visualization. Best for exploratory scRNA-seq analysis with established workflows. For deep learning models use scvi-tools; for data format questions use anndata.

Write competitive research proposals for NSF, NIH, DOE, DARPA, and Taiwan NSTC. Agency-specific formatting, review criteria, budget preparation, broader impacts, significance statements, innovation narratives, and compliance with submission requirements.

Query Reactome REST API for pathway analysis, enrichment, gene-pathway mapping, disease pathways, molecular interactions, expression analysis, for systems biology studies.

Direct REST API access to PubMed. Advanced Boolean/MeSH queries, E-utilities API, batch processing, citation management. For Python workflows, prefer biopython (Bio.Entrez). Use this for direct HTTP/REST work or custom API implementations.

Fast in-memory DataFrame library for datasets that fit in RAM. Use when pandas is too slow but data still fits in memory. Lazy evaluation, parallel execution, Apache Arrow backend. Best for 1-100GB datasets, ETL pipelines, faster pandas replacement. For larger-than-RAM data use dask or vaex.

Interactive visualization library. Use when you need hover info, zoom, pan, or web-embeddable charts. Best for dashboards, exploratory analysis, and presentations. For static publication figures use matplotlib or scientific-visualization.

Conducts structured peer review of scientific manuscripts including methodological evaluation, statistical assessment, clarity analysis, and constructive feedback generation following journal-specific guidelines; trigger when users ask for manuscript critique, reviewer reports, or feedback on research papers.

Access RCSB PDB for 3D protein/nucleic acid structures. Search by text/sequence/structure, download coordinates (PDB/mmCIF), retrieve metadata, for structural biology and drug discovery.

Query Open Targets Platform for target-disease associations, drug target discovery, tractability/safety data, genetics/omics evidence, known drugs, for therapeutic target identification.

Query and analyze scholarly literature using the OpenAlex database. This skill should be used when searching for academic papers, analyzing research trends, finding works by authors or institutions, tracking citations, discovering open access publications, or conducting bibliometric analysis across 240M+ scholarly works. Use for literature searches, research output analysis, citation analysis, and academic database queries.

Run and analyze molecular dynamics simulations with OpenMM and MDAnalysis. Set up protein/small molecule systems, define force fields, run energy minimization and production MD, analyze trajectories (RMSD, RMSF, contact maps, free energy surfaces). For structural biology, drug binding, and biophysics.

Perform quantitative meta-analysis with effect size calculation, forest plots, funnel plots, and heterogeneity assessment. Use when: user asks to combine results from multiple studies, calculate pooled effect sizes, assess publication bias, or create forest/funnel plots. NOT for: systematic review protocol (use systematic-review) or single-study statistics (use statsmodels-stats).

Low-level plotting library for full customization. Use when you need fine-grained control over every plot element, creating novel plot types, or integrating with specific scientific workflows. Export to PNG/PDF/SVG for publication. For quick statistical plots use seaborn; for interactive plots use plotly; for publication-ready multi-panel figures with journal styling, use scientific-visualization.

Conduct comprehensive, systematic literature reviews using multiple academic databases (PubMed, arXiv, bioRxiv, Semantic Scholar, etc.). This skill should be used when conducting systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses, research synthesis, or comprehensive literature searches across biomedical, scientific, and technical domains. Creates professionally formatted markdown documents and PDFs with verified citations in multiple citation styles (APA, Nature, Vancouver, etc.).

Search PubMed and bioRxiv, summarise papers with LLM, build citation graphs, and generate literature review sections.

Structured hypothesis formulation from observations. Use when you have experimental observations or data and need to formulate testable hypotheses with predictions, propose mechanisms, and design experiments to test them. Follows scientific method framework. For open-ended ideation use scientific-brainstorming; for automated LLM-driven hypothesis testing on datasets use hypogenic.

Access comprehensive LaTeX templates, formatting requirements, and submission guidelines for major scientific publication venues (Nature, Science, PLOS, IEEE, ACM), academic conferences (NeurIPS, ICML, CVPR, CHI), research posters, and grant proposals (NSF, NIH, DOE, DARPA). This skill should be used when preparing manuscripts for journal submission, conference papers, research posters, or grant proposals and need venue-specific formatting requirements and templates.

Direct REST API access to UniProt. Protein searches, FASTA retrieval, ID mapping, Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL. For Python workflows with multiple databases, prefer bioservices (unified interface to 40+ services). Use this for direct HTTP/REST work or UniProt-specific control.

Create publication-quality scientific diagrams using Nano Banana 2 AI with smart iterative refinement. Uses Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview for quality review. Only regenerates if quality is below threshold for your document type. Specialized in neural network architectures, system diagrams, flowcharts, biological pathways, and complex scientific visualizations.